Status of Hypertension in China: Results from the China Hypertension Survey, 2012-2015.
Status of Hypertension in China: Results from the China Hypertension Survey, 2012-2015.
- 2018
Available online from MWHC library: 1950 - present, Available in print through MWHC library: 1999 - 2006
Background -Although the prevalence of hypertension (HTN) continues to increase in developing countries including China, recent data are lacking. A national wide survey was conducted from October 2012 to December 2015 to assess the prevalence of HTN in China. Methods -A stratified multistage random sampling method was used to obtain a nationally representative sample of 451,755 residents aged >=18 years from 31 provinces in mainland China from October 2012 to December 2015. Blood pressure (BP) was measured after resting for 5 minutes by trained staff, using a validated oscillometric BP monitor. HTN was defined as systolic BP (SBP) >=140 mmHg and/or /diastolic BP (DBP) >=90 mmHg and/or use of antihypertensive medication within two weeks. Pre-HTN was defined as SBP 120-139 mmHg and DBP 80-89 mmHg without antihypertensive medication. HTN control was defined as SBP <140 mmHg and DBP<90 mm Hg. In addition, the prevalence of HTN (SBP>=130 or DBP>=80 mmHg) and control rate (SBP<130 and DBP<80 mmHg) of HTN were also estimated according to the 2017 American College of Cardiology (ACC) /American Heart Association (AHA) High Blood Pressure Guideline. Results -Overall, 23.2% (estimated 244.5 million) of the Chinese adult population aged >=18 years had HTN, and another 41.3% (estimated 435.3 million) had pre-HTN according to the Chinese guideline. There were no significant differences of HTN prevalence between urban and rural residents (23.4% vs. 23.1%, P=0.819). Among individuals with HTN, 46.9% were aware of their condition, 40.7% were taking prescribed antihypertensive medications, and 15.3% had controlled HTN. Calcium channel blockers were the most commonly used antihypertensive medication (46.5%) as monotherapy; and 31.7% of treated hypertensive patients used two or more medications. The prevalence of HTN based on the 2017 ACC/AHA guideline was twice as high as that based on 2010 Chinese guideline (46.4%), while the control rate fell to 3.0%. Conclusions -In China, there is a high prevalence of HTN and pre-HTN; awareness, treatment and control of HTN were low. Management of medical therapy for HTN needs to improve.
English
0009-7322
10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.032380 [doi] CIRCULATIONAHA.117.032380 [pii]
*Hypertension/di [Diagnosis]
Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Antihypertensive Agents/tu [Therapeutic Use]
Blood Pressure
Body Mass Index
China/ep [Epidemiology]
Educational Status
Female
Health Surveys
Humans
Hypertension/dt [Drug Therapy]
Hypertension/ep [Epidemiology]
Male
Middle Aged
Prehypertension/di [Diagnosis]
Prehypertension/ep [Epidemiology]
Prevalence
Risk Assessment
Young Adult
MedStar Heart & Vascular Institute
Journal Article
Available online from MWHC library: 1950 - present, Available in print through MWHC library: 1999 - 2006
Background -Although the prevalence of hypertension (HTN) continues to increase in developing countries including China, recent data are lacking. A national wide survey was conducted from October 2012 to December 2015 to assess the prevalence of HTN in China. Methods -A stratified multistage random sampling method was used to obtain a nationally representative sample of 451,755 residents aged >=18 years from 31 provinces in mainland China from October 2012 to December 2015. Blood pressure (BP) was measured after resting for 5 minutes by trained staff, using a validated oscillometric BP monitor. HTN was defined as systolic BP (SBP) >=140 mmHg and/or /diastolic BP (DBP) >=90 mmHg and/or use of antihypertensive medication within two weeks. Pre-HTN was defined as SBP 120-139 mmHg and DBP 80-89 mmHg without antihypertensive medication. HTN control was defined as SBP <140 mmHg and DBP<90 mm Hg. In addition, the prevalence of HTN (SBP>=130 or DBP>=80 mmHg) and control rate (SBP<130 and DBP<80 mmHg) of HTN were also estimated according to the 2017 American College of Cardiology (ACC) /American Heart Association (AHA) High Blood Pressure Guideline. Results -Overall, 23.2% (estimated 244.5 million) of the Chinese adult population aged >=18 years had HTN, and another 41.3% (estimated 435.3 million) had pre-HTN according to the Chinese guideline. There were no significant differences of HTN prevalence between urban and rural residents (23.4% vs. 23.1%, P=0.819). Among individuals with HTN, 46.9% were aware of their condition, 40.7% were taking prescribed antihypertensive medications, and 15.3% had controlled HTN. Calcium channel blockers were the most commonly used antihypertensive medication (46.5%) as monotherapy; and 31.7% of treated hypertensive patients used two or more medications. The prevalence of HTN based on the 2017 ACC/AHA guideline was twice as high as that based on 2010 Chinese guideline (46.4%), while the control rate fell to 3.0%. Conclusions -In China, there is a high prevalence of HTN and pre-HTN; awareness, treatment and control of HTN were low. Management of medical therapy for HTN needs to improve.
English
0009-7322
10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.032380 [doi] CIRCULATIONAHA.117.032380 [pii]
*Hypertension/di [Diagnosis]
Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Antihypertensive Agents/tu [Therapeutic Use]
Blood Pressure
Body Mass Index
China/ep [Epidemiology]
Educational Status
Female
Health Surveys
Humans
Hypertension/dt [Drug Therapy]
Hypertension/ep [Epidemiology]
Male
Middle Aged
Prehypertension/di [Diagnosis]
Prehypertension/ep [Epidemiology]
Prevalence
Risk Assessment
Young Adult
MedStar Heart & Vascular Institute
Journal Article