Thrombotic complications of superficial endovenous ablation: a contemporary review of thermal and non-thermal techniques. [Review]
Thrombotic complications of superficial endovenous ablation: a contemporary review of thermal and non-thermal techniques. [Review]
- 2021
Endovenous ablation has become the preferred means to treat superficial venous insufficiency. Ablative technologies have evolved to include a variety of both thermal and nonthermal techniques. The reported thrombotic complications of endovenous heat induced thrombosis (EHIT) and deep venous thrombosis (DVT) associated with thermal techniques are low (<2% overall). However, the limited data on newer non-thermal technologies suggest these modalities may have thrombotic complication rates upwards of 6%. Additionally, the pathophysiology of thrombotic events related to mechanochemical ablative techniques may differ from EHIT, and thus, may have different implications for management. Described is a case report of a stroke after cyanoacrylate ablation of the great saphenous vein, and a review of the current literature reporting the thrombotic complications associated with current thermal and non-thermal techniques. There exists a need for high volume studies on newer ablative techniques to fully understand their associated thrombotic complications. This review highlights the need for a comprehensive classification system and standard treatment algorithm encompassing of thrombotic complications associated with both thermal and non-thermal ablative techniques.
English
0021-9509
10.23736/S0021-9509.21.11898-1 [doi] S0021-9509.21.11898-1 [pii]
*Ablation Techniques/ae [Adverse Effects]
*Endovascular Procedures/ae [Adverse Effects]
*Ischemic Stroke/et [Etiology]
*Saphenous Vein/su [Surgery]
*Varicose Ulcer/su [Surgery]
*Venous Insufficiency/su [Surgery]
*Venous Thrombosis/et [Etiology]
Anticoagulants/tu [Therapeutic Use]
Humans
Ischemic Stroke/dg [Diagnostic Imaging]
Ischemic Stroke/dt [Drug Therapy]
Male
Middle Aged
Risk Assessment
Risk Factors
Saphenous Vein/dg [Diagnostic Imaging]
Saphenous Vein/pp [Physiopathology]
Treatment Outcome
Varicose Ulcer/dg [Diagnostic Imaging]
Varicose Ulcer/pp [Physiopathology]
Venous Insufficiency/dg [Diagnostic Imaging]
Venous Insufficiency/pp [Physiopathology]
Venous Thrombosis/dg [Diagnostic Imaging]
Venous Thrombosis/dt [Drug Therapy]
MedStar Washington Hospital Center
Surgery/Vascular Surgery
Journal Article
Endovenous ablation has become the preferred means to treat superficial venous insufficiency. Ablative technologies have evolved to include a variety of both thermal and nonthermal techniques. The reported thrombotic complications of endovenous heat induced thrombosis (EHIT) and deep venous thrombosis (DVT) associated with thermal techniques are low (<2% overall). However, the limited data on newer non-thermal technologies suggest these modalities may have thrombotic complication rates upwards of 6%. Additionally, the pathophysiology of thrombotic events related to mechanochemical ablative techniques may differ from EHIT, and thus, may have different implications for management. Described is a case report of a stroke after cyanoacrylate ablation of the great saphenous vein, and a review of the current literature reporting the thrombotic complications associated with current thermal and non-thermal techniques. There exists a need for high volume studies on newer ablative techniques to fully understand their associated thrombotic complications. This review highlights the need for a comprehensive classification system and standard treatment algorithm encompassing of thrombotic complications associated with both thermal and non-thermal ablative techniques.
English
0021-9509
10.23736/S0021-9509.21.11898-1 [doi] S0021-9509.21.11898-1 [pii]
*Ablation Techniques/ae [Adverse Effects]
*Endovascular Procedures/ae [Adverse Effects]
*Ischemic Stroke/et [Etiology]
*Saphenous Vein/su [Surgery]
*Varicose Ulcer/su [Surgery]
*Venous Insufficiency/su [Surgery]
*Venous Thrombosis/et [Etiology]
Anticoagulants/tu [Therapeutic Use]
Humans
Ischemic Stroke/dg [Diagnostic Imaging]
Ischemic Stroke/dt [Drug Therapy]
Male
Middle Aged
Risk Assessment
Risk Factors
Saphenous Vein/dg [Diagnostic Imaging]
Saphenous Vein/pp [Physiopathology]
Treatment Outcome
Varicose Ulcer/dg [Diagnostic Imaging]
Varicose Ulcer/pp [Physiopathology]
Venous Insufficiency/dg [Diagnostic Imaging]
Venous Insufficiency/pp [Physiopathology]
Venous Thrombosis/dg [Diagnostic Imaging]
Venous Thrombosis/dt [Drug Therapy]
MedStar Washington Hospital Center
Surgery/Vascular Surgery
Journal Article