The microbiome and its implications in intestinal transplantation. [Review]
Citation: Current Opinion in Organ Transplantation. 21(2):135-9, 2016 Apr.PMID: 26761420Institution: MedStar Washington Hospital CenterDepartment: Surgery/TransplantationForm of publication: Journal ArticleMedline article type(s): Journal Article | Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't | ReviewSubject headings: *Intestines/mi [Microbiology] | *Intestines/tr [Transplantation] | *Microbiota | Graft Rejection | Humans | Intestines/im [Immunology] | Paneth Cells/mi [Microbiology] | Th17 Cells/im [Immunology] | Transplantation, HomologousYear: 2016ISSN:- 1087-2418
Item type | Current library | Collection | Call number | Status | Date due | Barcode |
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Journal Article | MedStar Authors Catalog | Article | 26761420 | Available | 26761420 |
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This article summarizes the complex interplay between the microbiota and host immune responses, and its impact on intestinal transplantation and allograft rejection.
RECENT FINDINGS: Recent findings highlight the importance of Paneth cells as crucial producers of antimicrobial peptides that control the intestinal host-microbial interface as well as the essential role of NOD2 as a master regulator of antimicrobial host defenses. Moreover, complex interactions between innate and adaptive immune responses have been shown to critically shape host antimicrobial Th17 responses, which may be key for the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases and intestinal allograft rejection.
SUMMARY: A growing body of evidence indicates that crosstalk between the microbiome and innate and adaptive host immunity determines alloimmune responses and outcomes in intestinal transplantation. Elaboration of this emerging field might lead to novel mechanistic insight into these complex interactions and allow for new therapeutic approaches.
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