Dissociable Mechanisms of Verbal Working Memory Revealed through Multivariate Lesion Mapping.

MedStar author(s):
Citation: Cerebral Cortex. 30(4):2542-2554, 2020 04 14.PMID: 31701121Institution: MedStar National Rehabilitation NetworkForm of publication: Journal ArticleMedline article type(s): Journal Article | Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural | Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tSubject headings: *Brain Mapping/mt [Methods] | *Memory, Short-Term/ph [Physiology] | *Stroke/dg [Diagnostic Imaging] | *Temporal Lobe/dg [Diagnostic Imaging] | *Temporal Lobe/ph [Physiology] | *Verbal Learning/ph [Physiology] | Aged | Female | Humans | Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/mt [Methods] | Magnetic Resonance Imaging/mt [Methods] | Male | Middle Aged | Stroke/px [Psychology]Year: 2020ISSN:
  • 1047-3211
Name of journal: Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)Abstract: Two maintenance mechanisms with separate neural systems have been suggested for verbal working memory: articulatory-rehearsal and non-articulatory maintenance. Although lesion data would be key to understanding the essential neural substrates of these systems, there is little evidence from lesion studies that the two proposed mechanisms crucially rely on different neuroanatomical substrates. We examined 39 healthy adults and 71 individuals with chronic left-hemisphere stroke to determine if verbal working memory tasks with varying demands would rely on dissociable brain structures. Multivariate lesion-symptom mapping was used to identify the brain regions involved in each task, controlling for spatial working memory scores. Maintenance of verbal information relied on distinct brain regions depending on task demands: sensorimotor cortex under higher demands and superior temporal gyrus (STG) under lower demands. Inferior parietal cortex and posterior STG were involved under both low and high demands. These results suggest that maintenance of auditory information preferentially relies on auditory-phonological storage in the STG via a nonarticulatory maintenance when demands are low. Under higher demands, sensorimotor regions are crucial for the articulatory rehearsal process, which reduces the reliance on STG for maintenance. Lesions to either of these regions impair maintenance of verbal information preferentially under the appropriate task conditions. Copyright (c) The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: [email protected].All authors: Anbari Z, DeMarco AT, Fama ME, Ghaleh M, Lacey EH, Turkeltaub PEOriginally published: Cerebral Cortex. 30(4):2542-2554, 2020 04 14.Fiscal year: FY2020Digital Object Identifier: Date added to catalog: 2019-11-19
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Two maintenance mechanisms with separate neural systems have been suggested for verbal working memory: articulatory-rehearsal and non-articulatory maintenance. Although lesion data would be key to understanding the essential neural substrates of these systems, there is little evidence from lesion studies that the two proposed mechanisms crucially rely on different neuroanatomical substrates. We examined 39 healthy adults and 71 individuals with chronic left-hemisphere stroke to determine if verbal working memory tasks with varying demands would rely on dissociable brain structures. Multivariate lesion-symptom mapping was used to identify the brain regions involved in each task, controlling for spatial working memory scores. Maintenance of verbal information relied on distinct brain regions depending on task demands: sensorimotor cortex under higher demands and superior temporal gyrus (STG) under lower demands. Inferior parietal cortex and posterior STG were involved under both low and high demands. These results suggest that maintenance of auditory information preferentially relies on auditory-phonological storage in the STG via a nonarticulatory maintenance when demands are low. Under higher demands, sensorimotor regions are crucial for the articulatory rehearsal process, which reduces the reliance on STG for maintenance. Lesions to either of these regions impair maintenance of verbal information preferentially under the appropriate task conditions. Copyright (c) The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: [email protected].

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