Association of chronic kidney disease with cerebral microbleeds in patients with primary intracerebral hemorrhage. 

 -  2013 
<br/><br/>Available online from MWHC library: 1970 - present, Available in print through MWHC library: 1999 - 2006 
<br/><br/> BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: To investigate the relationship between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and MRI-defined cerebral microbleeds (CMB), a harbinger of future intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), among patients with a recent history of primary ICH.  CONCLUSIONS: CKD is associated with a greater presence and number of CMB in ICH patients, particularly in patients of black race. Future studies should assess whether low estimated glomerular filtration rate may be a CMB risk marker or potential therapeutic target for mitigating the development of CMB.  METHODS: Using data from a predominantly black cohort of patients with a recent ICH-enrolled in an observational study between September 2007 and June 2011, we evaluated the association between CKD (defined as estimated low glomerular filtration rate<60 mL/min per 1.73 m(2)) and CMB on gradient-echo MRI. Multivariable models were generated to determine the contribution of CKD to the presence, number, and location of CMB.  RESULTS: Of 197 subjects with imaging data, mean age was 59 years, 48% were women, 73% were black, 114 (58%) had >=1 CMBs, and 52 (26%) had CKD. Overall, CKD was associated with presence of CMB (adjusted odds ratio, 2.70; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.10-6.59) and number of CMB (adjusted relative risk, 2.04; 95% CI, 1.27-3.27). CKD was associated with CMB presence (adjusted odds ratio, 3.44; 95% CI, 1.64-7.24) and number (adjusted relative risk, 2.46; 95% CI, 1.11-5.42) in black patients, but not CMB presence (adjusted odds ratio, 3.00; 95% CI, 0.61-14.86) or number (adjusted relative risk, 1.03; 95% CI: 0.22-4.89) in non-Hispanic white patients (interactions by race were statistically not significant). 
<br/><br/><br/>English 
<br/><br/><label>ISSN: </label>0039-2499 
<br/><br/><label>Subjects--Topical Terms: </label><br/>*Cerebral Hemorrhage/ep [Epidemiology]<br/>*Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/ep [Epidemiology]<br/>African Continental Ancestry Group/eh [Ethnology]<br/>Aged<br/>Cerebral Hemorrhage/co [Complications]<br/>Cerebral Hemorrhage/pp [Physiopathology]<br/>Comorbidity<br/>District of Columbia/eh [Ethnology]<br/>District of Columbia/ep [Epidemiology]<br/>European Continental Ancestry Group/eh [Ethnology]<br/>Female<br/>Glomerular Filtration Rate/ph [Physiology]<br/>Humans<br/>Male<br/>Middle Aged<br/>Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/co [Complications]<br/>Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/pp [Physiopathology]<br/>Retrospective Studies<br/>Risk
<br/><br/><label>Subjects--Geographic Terms: </label><br/>MedStar Health Research Institute<br/>MedStar Heart & Vascular Institute
<br/><br/><label>Index Terms--Function: </label><br/>Comparative Study<br/>Journal Article<br/>Multicenter Study<br/>Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural