TY  - BOOK
AU  - John, Anitha S
AU  - Ruiz, George
TI  - Associations among Depression Symptoms with Alcohol and Smoking Tobacco Use in Adult Patients with Congenital Heart Disease
SN  - 1747-079X
PY  - 2015///
KW  - *Alcohol Drinking/px [Psychology]
KW  - *Depression/px [Psychology]
KW  - *Heart Defects, Congenital/px [Psychology]
KW  - *Smoking/px [Psychology]
KW  - Adult
KW  - Age Factors
KW  - Chi-Square Distribution
KW  - Cross-Sectional Studies
KW  - Depression/di [Diagnosis]
KW  - District of Columbia
KW  - Female
KW  - Heart Defects, Congenital/co [Complications]
KW  - Heart Defects, Congenital/di [Diagnosis]
KW  - Humans
KW  - Logistic Models
KW  - Male
KW  - Odds Ratio
KW  - Retrospective Studies
KW  - Risk Factors
KW  - Self Report
KW  - Surveys and Questionnaires
KW  - Young Adult
KW  - MedStar Heart & Vascular Institute
KW  - Journal Article
N2  - BACKGROUND: Adult congenital heart disease (ACHD) patients have high rates of untreated depression and anxiety disorders. We evaluated associations among self-reported depression symptoms and alcohol/smoking tobacco use; CONCLUSION: Self-reported depressive symptoms are associated with increased alcohol and smoking tobacco use by ACHD patients. Alcohol use may be a means of self-medicating for untreated depression, but further investigation is needed. Risk factors, including depressive symptoms and substance use, should be routinely assessed and addressed in ACHD patients.Copyright © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc; METHODS: From 2009 to 2013, 202 ACHD patients (45% male) completed questionnaires on depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and substance use as part of routine clinical care. Data were collected by retrospective chart review; RESULTS: Mean age was 31 +/- 10 years, 21% reported often feeling depressed and 33% reported feeling nervous or anxious. Sixty-one percent of patients reported some alcohol intake; 25% reported current or previous smoking tobacco use. Patients with depressive symptoms were 3x as likely to report drinking alcohol (OR 2.89; 95% CI 1.29-6.5) and 5x more likely to report smoking tobacco use (OR 5.17; 95% CI 1.49-17.87). Fourteen percent of patients were prescribed antidepressant/antianxiety medications; 43% of patients on medication reported depressive symptoms. In patients reporting symptoms, those who consumed alcohol were less likely to be on antidepressant/antianxiety medications (21%) than those who did not consume alcohol (56%)
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/chd.12282
ER  -