TY  - BOOK
AU  - Weintraub, William S
TI  - Healthy Behavior, Risk Factor Control, and Survival in the COURAGE Trial
SN  - 0735-1097
PY  - 2018///
KW  - IN PROCESS -- NOT YET INDEXED
KW  - MedStar Heart & Vascular Institute
KW  - Journal Article
N1  - Available online from MWHC library: 1995 - present, Available in print through MWHC library:1999-2007
N2  - BACKGROUND: Individual risk factor control improves survival in patients with stable ischemic heart disease (SIHD). It is uncertain if multiple risk factor control further extends survival; CONCLUSIONS: The greater the number of risk factors in control, the higher the probability of survival in patients with SIHD. More effective strategies are needed to achieve comprehensive risk factor control, including healthy behaviors. (Clinical Outcomes Utilizing Revascularization and Aggressive Drug Evaluation [COURAGE]; NCT00007657); Copyright (c) 2018 American College of Cardiology Foundation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved; METHODS: Of 2,287 participants in the COURAGE (Clinical Outcomes Utilizing Revascularization and Aggressive Drug Evaluation) trial, 2,102 (92%) had complete ascertainment of 6 pre-specified risk factors: systolic blood pressure, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, smoking, physical activity, diet, and body mass index. Participants received interventions to control these risk factors. The outcome measure was mortality; OBJECTIVES: This study determined whether a greater number of risk factors at goal predicted improved survival in SIHD patients; RESULTS: During a mean follow-up of 6.8 years, 473 (22.5%) subjects died. In univariate analysis, the greater the number of risk factors controlled, the higher the probability of survival (unadjusted log rank: p < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, the strongest predictors at 1 year of improved survival were being a nonsmoker, regular physical activity, having a systolic blood pressure <130 mm Hg, and following the American Heart Association Step 2 diet. Baseline risk factor values and evidence-based medications did not independently predict survival once risk factor control at 1 year was included in the model. Having 4 to 6 risk factors compared with 0 to 1 risk factor at goal predicted lower mortality (hazard ratios for 4 and 6 controlled risk factors: 0.64; 95% confidence interval: 0.41 to 0.98, and 0.27; 95% confidence interval: 0.09 to 0.79, respectively)
UR  - https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2018.08.2163
ER  -