TY  - BOOK
AU  - Asch, Federico M
TI  - Depression and Psychosocial Stress Are Associated With Subclinical Carotid Atherosclerosis Among Women Living With HIV
SN  - 2047-9980
PY  - 2020///
KW  - *Carotid Artery Diseases/ep [Epidemiology]
KW  - *Depression/ep [Epidemiology]
KW  - *HIV Infections/ep [Epidemiology]
KW  - *HIV Long-Term Survivors/px [Psychology]
KW  - *Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/ep [Epidemiology]
KW  - *Stress, Psychological/ep [Epidemiology]
KW  - Adult
KW  - Asymptomatic Diseases
KW  - Carotid Artery Diseases/dg [Diagnostic Imaging]
KW  - Carotid Intima-Media Thickness
KW  - Cross-Sectional Studies
KW  - Depression/di [Diagnosis]
KW  - Depression/px [Psychology]
KW  - Female
KW  - HIV Infections/di [Diagnosis]
KW  - HIV Infections/px [Psychology]
KW  - Humans
KW  - Middle Aged
KW  - Prevalence
KW  - Prospective Studies
KW  - Risk Assessment
KW  - Risk Factors
KW  - Sex Factors
KW  - Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/di [Diagnosis]
KW  - Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/px [Psychology]
KW  - Stress, Psychological/di [Diagnosis]
KW  - Stress, Psychological/px [Psychology]
KW  - Time Factors
KW  - United States/ep [Epidemiology]
KW  - MedStar Heart & Vascular Institute
KW  - Journal Article
N2  - Background To identify reasons for increased atherosclerotic risk among women living with HIV (WLWH), we evaluated the associations between  psychosocial risk factors (depressive symptoms, perceived stress, and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms) and subclinical atherosclerosis among WLWH and  HIV-negative women. Methods and Results Carotid artery focal plaque (localized intima-media thickness >1.5 mm) was measured using B-mode ultrasound imaging  in 2004-2005 and 2010-2012 in the Women's Interagency HIV Study. We created psychosocial risk groups using latent class analysis and defined prevalent  plaque at the final measurement. We also examined repeated semiannual depression measures with respect to focal plaque formation throughout follow-up. The  associations between latent class and prevalent plaque, and between depressive symptom persistence and plaque formation, were assessed separately by HIV  status using multivariable logistic regression. Among 700 women (median age 47 years), 2 latent classes were identified: high (n=163) and low (n=537)  psychosocial risk, with corresponding prevalence of depression (65%/13%), high stress (96%/12%), and probable posttraumatic stress disorder (46%/2%). Among  WLWH, plaque prevalence was 23% and 11% in high versus low psychosocial risk classes (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 2.12; 95% CI, 1.11-4.05) compared with 9%  and 9% among HIV-negative women (aOR, 1.07; 95% CI, 0.24-4.84), respectively. New plaque formation occurred among 17% and 9% of WLWH who reported high  depressive symptoms at >=45% versus <45% of visits (aOR, 1.96; 95% CI, 1.06-3.64), compared with 9% and 7% among HIV-negative women (aOR, 0.82; 95% CI,  0.16-4.16), respectively. Conclusions Psychosocial factors were independent atherosclerotic risk factors among WLWH. Research is needed to determine whether  interventions for depression and psychosocial stress can mitigate the increased risk of atherosclerosis for WLWH
UR  - https://dx.doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.120.016425
ER  -