TY - BOOK AU - Adhikari, Biplov AU - Ahmed, Sara TI - Primary Pulmonary Leiomyosarcoma: An Unusual Cause of Pleural Effusion SN - 2168-8184 PY - 2022/// KW - IN PROCESS -- NOT YET INDEXED KW - MedStar Heart & Vascular Institute KW - MedStar Union Memorial Hospital KW - Internal Medicine Residency KW - Case Reports N2 - Primary pulmonary leiomyosarcomas (PPLs) are extremely rare tumors of the lungs. They can present with non-specific symptoms or can also be asymptomatic with clues towards diagnosis being found on routine examination or radiographs. We present a case of a 54-year-old woman who presented with worsening shortness of breath and spells of dizziness. Her chest radiographs showed right-sided pleural effusion and CT revealed a large enhancing pleural mass with compression atelectasis and mediastinal shift. She underwent a thoracoscopy and right pleural biopsy. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry were most consistent with leiomyosarcoma. An extensive search for a possible primary in other sites was unrevealing, thus diagnosing the patient with PPL. She was managed with surgery and radiotherapy. Copyright © 2022, Bin Waqar et al UR - https://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.23821 ER -