Sarcoidosis-Related Cardiomyopathy: Current Knowledge, Challenges, and Future Perspectives State-of-the-Art Review. [Review]
- 2022
Available online from MWHC library: 1995 - present
The prevalence of sarcoidosis-related cardiomyopathy is increasing. Sarcoidosis impacts cardiac function through granulomatous infiltration of the heart, resulting in conduction disease, arrhythmia and/or heart failure. Diagnosis of cardiac sarcoidosis can be challenging and requires clinician awareness as well as differentiation from overlapping diagnostic phenotypes such as other forms of myocarditis and arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy. Clinical manifestations, extracardiac involvement, histopathology, and advanced cardiac imaging can all lend support to a diagnosis of cardiac sarcoidosis. Mainstay therapy for cardiac sarcoidosis is immunosuppression, however no prospective clinical trials exist to guide management. Patients may progress to developing advanced heart failure or ventricular arrhythmia, for which ventricular assist device therapies or heart transplantation may be considered. The existing knowledge gaps in cardiac sarcoidosis call for an interdisciplinary approach to both patient care and future investigation to improve mechanistic understanding and therapeutic strategies. Copyright (c) 2021. Published by Elsevier Inc.