Lower Extremity Free Tissue Transfer in the Setting of Thrombophilia: Analysis of Perioperative Anticoagulation Protocols and Predictors of Flap Failure.

MedStar author(s):
Citation: Journal of Reconstructive Microsurgery. 35(4):270-286, 2019 May.PMID: 30326523Institution: MedStar Health Research Institute | MedStar Washington Hospital CenterDepartment: Surgery/Plastic Surgery | Surgery/Podiatric SurgeryForm of publication: Journal ArticleMedline article type(s): Journal ArticleSubject headings: *Anticoagulants/tu [Therapeutic Use] | *Free Tissue Flaps/bs [Blood Supply] | *Lower Extremity/pp [Physiopathology] | *Postoperative Complications/pc [Prevention & Control] | *Thrombophilia/dt [Drug Therapy] | *Venous Thromboembolism/pc [Prevention & Control] | Adult | Aged | Clinical Protocols | Female | Graft Survival | Humans | Lower Extremity/su [Surgery] | Male | Middle Aged | Perioperative Care | Postoperative Complications/pp [Physiopathology] | Retrospective Studies | Thrombophilia/co [Complications] | Thrombophilia/pp [Physiopathology] | Treatment Outcome | Venous Thromboembolism/pp [Physiopathology] | Young AdultYear: 2019ISSN:
  • 0743-684X
Name of journal: Journal of reconstructive microsurgeryAbstract: AIM: No consensus exists regarding the optimal strategy for perioperative thromboprophylaxis in high-risk microsurgical populations. We present our experience with lower extremity free tissue transfer (FTT) in thrombophilic patients and compare outcomes between non-stratified and risk-stratified anticoagulation protocols.CONCLUSIONS: Selective therapeutic anticoagulation may improve microsurgical outcomes in high-risk patients with thrombophilia. Our findings highlight the importance of meticulous technique and recipient-vessel selection as critical determinants of flap success in this population.Copyright Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.METHODS: Between January 2013 and December 2017, 57 patients with documented thrombophilia underwent FTT for non-traumatic, lower extremity reconstruction by a single surgeon. Patients were divided into two cohorts based on the introduction of a novel, risk-stratified algorithm for perioperative anticoagulation in July 2015. Demographic data, chemoprophylaxis profiles, flap outcomes, and complications were retrospectively compared across time periods.RESULTS: Fifty-seven free flaps were performed in hypercoagulable patients treated with non-stratified (n = 27) or risk-stratified (n = 30) thromboprophylaxis. Patients in the risk-stratified cohort received intravenous heparin more often than non-stratified controls (73 vs. 15%, p < 0.001). Lower rates of total (3 vs. 19%, p = 0.06) and partial (10 vs. 37%, p = 0.025) flap loss were observed among risk-stratified patients, paralleling a significant reduction in the prevalence of postoperative thrombotic events (1.2 vs. 12.3%, p = 0.004). While therapeutic versus low-dose heparin infusion was associated with improved flap survival following intraoperative microvascular compromise (86 vs. 25%, p = 0.04), salvage rates in the setting of postoperative thrombosis remained 0%, regardless of protocol. On multivariate analysis, recipient-vessel calcification (odds ratio [OR]: 16.7, p = 0.02) and anastomotic revision (OR, 3.3; p = 0.04) were independently associated with total flap failure.All authors: Anghel EL, DeFazio MV, Economides JM, Evans KK, Tefera EAFiscal year: FY2019Digital Object Identifier: Date added to catalog: 2018-11-02
Holdings
Item type Current library Collection Call number Status Date due Barcode
Journal Article MedStar Authors Catalog Article 30326523 Available 30326523

AIM: No consensus exists regarding the optimal strategy for perioperative thromboprophylaxis in high-risk microsurgical populations. We present our experience with lower extremity free tissue transfer (FTT) in thrombophilic patients and compare outcomes between non-stratified and risk-stratified anticoagulation protocols.

CONCLUSIONS: Selective therapeutic anticoagulation may improve microsurgical outcomes in high-risk patients with thrombophilia. Our findings highlight the importance of meticulous technique and recipient-vessel selection as critical determinants of flap success in this population.

Copyright Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

METHODS: Between January 2013 and December 2017, 57 patients with documented thrombophilia underwent FTT for non-traumatic, lower extremity reconstruction by a single surgeon. Patients were divided into two cohorts based on the introduction of a novel, risk-stratified algorithm for perioperative anticoagulation in July 2015. Demographic data, chemoprophylaxis profiles, flap outcomes, and complications were retrospectively compared across time periods.

RESULTS: Fifty-seven free flaps were performed in hypercoagulable patients treated with non-stratified (n = 27) or risk-stratified (n = 30) thromboprophylaxis. Patients in the risk-stratified cohort received intravenous heparin more often than non-stratified controls (73 vs. 15%, p < 0.001). Lower rates of total (3 vs. 19%, p = 0.06) and partial (10 vs. 37%, p = 0.025) flap loss were observed among risk-stratified patients, paralleling a significant reduction in the prevalence of postoperative thrombotic events (1.2 vs. 12.3%, p = 0.004). While therapeutic versus low-dose heparin infusion was associated with improved flap survival following intraoperative microvascular compromise (86 vs. 25%, p = 0.04), salvage rates in the setting of postoperative thrombosis remained 0%, regardless of protocol. On multivariate analysis, recipient-vessel calcification (odds ratio [OR]: 16.7, p = 0.02) and anastomotic revision (OR, 3.3; p = 0.04) were independently associated with total flap failure.

English

Powered by Koha