Hemodynamic outcomes of transcatheter aortic valve replacement and medical management in severe, inoperable aortic stenosis: a longitudinal echocardiographic study of cohort B of the PARTNER trial.
Hemodynamic outcomes of transcatheter aortic valve replacement and medical management in severe, inoperable aortic stenosis: a longitudinal echocardiographic study of cohort B of the PARTNER trial.
- 2015
Available online through MWHC library: 2007 - present
BACKGROUND: Inoperable aortic stenosis may be treated with either transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) or medical management (MM) with or without balloon aortic valvuloplasty (BAV). The aim of this study was to compare the long-term echocardiographic findings among TAVR, MM, and BAV in patients with severe, inoperable aortic stenosis. CONCLUSIONS: TAVR results in immediate and sustained relief in pressure overload and improved LV systolic function, with continued regression of hypertrophy over 3 years. Poor clinical results with BAV are explained by the modest and transient reductions in pressure overload with BAV, which were not accompanied by improved LV function or remodeling. TAVR is the preferred treatment in eligible inoperable patients (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT00530894).Copyright � 2015. Published by Elsevier Inc. METHODS: A total of 358 inoperable patients in the Placement of Aortic Transcatheter Valves trial were randomized to MM or TAVR. Echocardiograms obtained at baseline, 30 days, and 1, 2, and 3 years were analyzed by a central core laboratory. RESULTS: At baseline, TAVR and MM were similar, with more frequent Society of Thoracic Surgeons score > 10 (51.7% vs 65.0%, P = .03) and larger end-systolic volumes (54.5 +/- 29.3 vs 69.1 +/- 48.0 mL, P = .03) in MM. By 30 days after TAVR, mean aortic valve gradient had decreased (from 43.8 +/- 14.7 to 10.0 +/- 4.3 mm Hg, P < .001), ejection fraction had increased (from 53.2 +/- 12.4% to 56.7 +/- 10.0%, P < .001), and left ventricular (LV) mass index had decreased (from 144.7 +/- 36.1 to 140.0 +/- 37.9 gm/m(2), P < .05). After 1 year, aortic valve gradients and area were unchanged, while LV mass index had decreased by another 16 gm/m(2) (to 124 gm/m(2)). By 30 days after BAV, mean aortic valve gradient had decreased from 43.4 +/- 15.0 to 31.9 +/- 11.1 mm Hg, while ejection fraction and LV mass index were unchanged; gradient reverted to baseline at 1 year. No changes in gradients or mass were seen in MM patients.
English
0894-7317
*Aortic Valve Stenosis/dt [Drug Therapy]
*Aortic Valve Stenosis/su [Surgery]
*Hemodynamics/ph [Physiology]
*Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement/mt [Methods]
Age Factors
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Aortic Valve Stenosis/mo [Mortality]
Aortic Valve Stenosis/us [Ultrasonography]
Cardiac Catheterization/mt [Methods]
Cohort Studies
Echocardiography, Doppler/mt [Methods]
Female
Follow-Up Studies
Humans
Kaplan-Meier Estimate
Longitudinal Studies
Male
Patient Selection
Risk Assessment
Severity of Illness Index
Statistics, Nonparametric
Survival Rate
Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement/mo [Mortality]
Treatment Outcome
MedStar Heart & Vascular Institute
Comparative Study
Journal Article
Multicenter Study
Randomized Controlled Trial
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Available online through MWHC library: 2007 - present
BACKGROUND: Inoperable aortic stenosis may be treated with either transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) or medical management (MM) with or without balloon aortic valvuloplasty (BAV). The aim of this study was to compare the long-term echocardiographic findings among TAVR, MM, and BAV in patients with severe, inoperable aortic stenosis. CONCLUSIONS: TAVR results in immediate and sustained relief in pressure overload and improved LV systolic function, with continued regression of hypertrophy over 3 years. Poor clinical results with BAV are explained by the modest and transient reductions in pressure overload with BAV, which were not accompanied by improved LV function or remodeling. TAVR is the preferred treatment in eligible inoperable patients (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT00530894).Copyright � 2015. Published by Elsevier Inc. METHODS: A total of 358 inoperable patients in the Placement of Aortic Transcatheter Valves trial were randomized to MM or TAVR. Echocardiograms obtained at baseline, 30 days, and 1, 2, and 3 years were analyzed by a central core laboratory. RESULTS: At baseline, TAVR and MM were similar, with more frequent Society of Thoracic Surgeons score > 10 (51.7% vs 65.0%, P = .03) and larger end-systolic volumes (54.5 +/- 29.3 vs 69.1 +/- 48.0 mL, P = .03) in MM. By 30 days after TAVR, mean aortic valve gradient had decreased (from 43.8 +/- 14.7 to 10.0 +/- 4.3 mm Hg, P < .001), ejection fraction had increased (from 53.2 +/- 12.4% to 56.7 +/- 10.0%, P < .001), and left ventricular (LV) mass index had decreased (from 144.7 +/- 36.1 to 140.0 +/- 37.9 gm/m(2), P < .05). After 1 year, aortic valve gradients and area were unchanged, while LV mass index had decreased by another 16 gm/m(2) (to 124 gm/m(2)). By 30 days after BAV, mean aortic valve gradient had decreased from 43.4 +/- 15.0 to 31.9 +/- 11.1 mm Hg, while ejection fraction and LV mass index were unchanged; gradient reverted to baseline at 1 year. No changes in gradients or mass were seen in MM patients.
English
0894-7317
*Aortic Valve Stenosis/dt [Drug Therapy]
*Aortic Valve Stenosis/su [Surgery]
*Hemodynamics/ph [Physiology]
*Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement/mt [Methods]
Age Factors
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Aortic Valve Stenosis/mo [Mortality]
Aortic Valve Stenosis/us [Ultrasonography]
Cardiac Catheterization/mt [Methods]
Cohort Studies
Echocardiography, Doppler/mt [Methods]
Female
Follow-Up Studies
Humans
Kaplan-Meier Estimate
Longitudinal Studies
Male
Patient Selection
Risk Assessment
Severity of Illness Index
Statistics, Nonparametric
Survival Rate
Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement/mo [Mortality]
Treatment Outcome
MedStar Heart & Vascular Institute
Comparative Study
Journal Article
Multicenter Study
Randomized Controlled Trial
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't