The Utility of Preoperative Arteriography for Free Flap Planning in Patients with Chronic Lower Extremity Wounds.

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Citation: Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery. 143(2):604-613, 2019 02.PMID: 30531626Institution: MedStar Health Research Institute | MedStar Washington Hospital CenterDepartment: Surgery/Plastic Surgery | Surgery/Vascular SurgeryForm of publication: Journal ArticleMedline article type(s): Journal ArticleSubject headings: *Angiography | *Diabetic Foot/su [Surgery] | *Free Tissue Flaps/bs [Blood Supply] | *Lower Extremity/su [Surgery] | *Peripheral Vascular Diseases/dg [Diagnostic Imaging] | *Preoperative Care/mt [Methods] | *Reconstructive Surgical Procedures | Adult | Aged | Aged, 80 and over | Amputation | Diabetic Foot/co [Complications] | Female | Follow-Up Studies | Humans | Lower Extremity/bs [Blood Supply] | Male | Middle Aged | Peripheral Vascular Diseases/co [Complications] | Reconstructive Surgical Procedures/mt [Methods] | Retrospective Studies | Treatment OutcomeYear: 2019ISSN:
  • 0032-1052
Name of journal: Plastic and reconstructive surgeryAbstract: BACKGROUND: In patients with lower extremity wounds, free tissue transfer is often the last option before amputation, making it crucial to optimize preoperative planning in order to prevent flap breakdown. No consensus exists regarding preoperative vascular work ups before lower extremity free tissue transfer. Here we analyzed the utility of using arteriography for lower extremity free flap planning.CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative lower extremity arteriography aids in the diagnosis of peripheral vascular disease, allows for timely endovascular intervention, and allows for optimal flap recipient vessel selection with a low complication rate.METHODS: A retrospective review was performed of 57 patients who underwent lower extremity arteriography and 59 free flap operations for lower extremity wounds between November 2014 and August 2017. Findings were used to guide flap recipient vessel selection. Arterial pathology was addressed via endovascular intervention, where appropriate. Encountered pathology was described and patient demographics, comorbidities, and outcomes were analyzed for correlation with abnormal angiographic studies.RESULTS: Angiographic abnormalities were observed in 40 patients (67.8%), including 23 (57.5%) with stenosis/occlusion, 20 (50.0%) with atretic/non-visualized vessels, and 11 (27.5%) requiring endovascular intervention. Stenosis/occlusion was detected in 9 patients (15.3%) with no previously known arterial disease, leading to a new diagnosis of peripheral vascular disease. Flap survival rate was 98.3%, 6 patients (10.2%) ultimately progressed to amputation, and 53 patients (89.8%) were able to continue community ambulation at a mean follow-up time of 15.1 months (SD 9.51, range 1.67-35.2). After arteriography, 2 patients (3.39%) suffered contrast-induced acute kidney injury. No other complications were noted.All authors: Akbari C, Attinger CE, Evans KK, Janhofer DE, Kim PJ, Lakhiani C, Naz I, Tefera EAFiscal year: FY2019Digital Object Identifier: Date added to catalog: 2019-01-08
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Journal Article MedStar Authors Catalog Article 30531626 Available 30531626

BACKGROUND: In patients with lower extremity wounds, free tissue transfer is often the last option before amputation, making it crucial to optimize preoperative planning in order to prevent flap breakdown. No consensus exists regarding preoperative vascular work ups before lower extremity free tissue transfer. Here we analyzed the utility of using arteriography for lower extremity free flap planning.

CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative lower extremity arteriography aids in the diagnosis of peripheral vascular disease, allows for timely endovascular intervention, and allows for optimal flap recipient vessel selection with a low complication rate.

METHODS: A retrospective review was performed of 57 patients who underwent lower extremity arteriography and 59 free flap operations for lower extremity wounds between November 2014 and August 2017. Findings were used to guide flap recipient vessel selection. Arterial pathology was addressed via endovascular intervention, where appropriate. Encountered pathology was described and patient demographics, comorbidities, and outcomes were analyzed for correlation with abnormal angiographic studies.

RESULTS: Angiographic abnormalities were observed in 40 patients (67.8%), including 23 (57.5%) with stenosis/occlusion, 20 (50.0%) with atretic/non-visualized vessels, and 11 (27.5%) requiring endovascular intervention. Stenosis/occlusion was detected in 9 patients (15.3%) with no previously known arterial disease, leading to a new diagnosis of peripheral vascular disease. Flap survival rate was 98.3%, 6 patients (10.2%) ultimately progressed to amputation, and 53 patients (89.8%) were able to continue community ambulation at a mean follow-up time of 15.1 months (SD 9.51, range 1.67-35.2). After arteriography, 2 patients (3.39%) suffered contrast-induced acute kidney injury. No other complications were noted.

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