Sociodemographic predictors of hypertensive crisis in the hospitalized population in the United States. [Review] 

 -  2024 
<br/><br/>Available online from MWHC library: 1995 - 2009, Available in print through MWHC library:1999-2007 
<br/><br/> CONCLUSIONS: Being of a minority population, male sex, low-income status, and uninsured were associated with a higher likelihood of hypertensive crisis. The black population was the youngest and had the highest risk of hypertensive emergencies. Targeted interventions and healthcare policies should be implemented to address these disparities and enhance patient outcomes. Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.  INTRODUCTION: Hypertensive crisis (HC) encompasses hypertensive emergencies (HE) and urgencies (HU).  METHODS: A retrospective analysis of the 2016-2020 National Inpatient Sample was conducted, and all hospitalizations for HC were identified with their ICD-10 codes. A probability estimation of outcomes was calculated by performing multivariable logistic regression analysis, which took confounders into account. Our primary outcomes were SDs of HC. Secondary outcomes were myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, acute kidney injury (AKI), and transient ischemic attack (TIA).  RESULTS: The minority populations were more likely than the Whites to be diagnosed with HCs: Black 2.7 (2.6-2.9), Hispanic 1.2 (1.2-1.3), and Asian population 1.4 (1.3-1.5), (p < 0.0001, all). Furthermore, being male 1.1 (1.09-1.2, p < 0.0001), those with 'self-pay' insurance 1.02 (1.01-1.03, p < 0.0001), and those in the <25th percentile of median household income 1.3 (1.2-1.3, p < 0.0001), were more likely to be diagnosed with HCs. The Black population had the highest likelihood of end-organ damage: MI 2.7 (2.6-2.9), Stroke 3.2 (3.1-3.4), AKI 2.4 (2.2-2.5), and TIA 2.8 (2.7-3.0), (p < 0.0001, all), compared to their Caucasian counterpart. 
<br/><br/><br/>English 
<br/><br/><label>ISSN: </label>0146-2806 
<br/><br/><label>Standard No.: </label>S0146-2806(24)00249-4 [pii] 
<br/><br/><label>Subjects--Topical Terms: </label><br/>*Hospitalization<br/>*Hypertension<br/>Adult<br/>Aged<br/>Emergencies/ep [Epidemiology]<br/>Female<br/>Hospitalization/sn [Statistics & Numerical Data]<br/>Humans<br/>Hypertension/ep [Epidemiology]<br/>Hypertensive Crisis<br/>Male<br/>Middle Aged<br/>Retrospective Studies<br/>Risk Factors<br/>Socioeconomic Factors<br/>United States/ep [Epidemiology]--Automated
<br/><br/><label>Subjects--Geographic Terms: </label><br/>MedStar Union Memorial Hospital
<br/><br/><label>Index Terms--Function: </label><br/>Journal Article<br/>Multicenter Study<br/>Review