TY  - BOOK
AU  - Elsabbagh, Ahmed M
AU  - Fishbein, Thomas M
AU  - Matsumoto, Cal S
TI  - The microbiome and its implications in intestinal transplantation. [Review]
SN  - 1087-2418
PY  - 2016///
KW  - *Intestines/mi [Microbiology]
KW  - *Intestines/tr [Transplantation]
KW  - *Microbiota
KW  - Graft Rejection
KW  - Humans
KW  - Intestines/im [Immunology]
KW  - Paneth Cells/mi [Microbiology]
KW  - Th17 Cells/im [Immunology]
KW  - Transplantation, Homologous
KW  - MedStar Washington Hospital Center
KW  - Surgery/Transplantation
KW  - Journal Article
KW  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
KW  - Review
N2  - PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This article summarizes the complex interplay between the microbiota and host immune responses, and its impact on intestinal transplantation and allograft rejection; RECENT FINDINGS: Recent findings highlight the importance of Paneth cells as crucial producers of antimicrobial peptides that control the intestinal host-microbial interface as well as the essential role of NOD2 as a master regulator of antimicrobial host defenses. Moreover, complex interactions between innate and adaptive immune responses have been shown to critically shape host antimicrobial Th17 responses, which may be key for the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases and intestinal allograft rejection; SUMMARY: A growing body of evidence indicates that crosstalk between the microbiome and innate and adaptive host immunity determines alloimmune responses and outcomes in intestinal transplantation. Elaboration of this emerging field might lead to novel mechanistic insight into these complex interactions and allow for new therapeutic approaches
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MOT.0000000000000278
ER  -