TY  - BOOK
AU  - Calhoun, Darren
TI  - Obesity in adults is associated with reduced lung function in metabolic syndrome and diabetes: the Strong Heart Study
SN  - 0149-5992
PY  - 2011///
KW  - *Cardiovascular Diseases/pp [Physiopathology]
KW  - *Diabetes Mellitus/pp [Physiopathology]
KW  - *Metabolic Syndrome X/pp [Physiopathology]
KW  - *Obesity/pp [Physiopathology]
KW  - Aged
KW  - Cardiovascular Diseases/ep [Epidemiology]
KW  - Cardiovascular Diseases/et [Etiology]
KW  - Cross-Sectional Studies
KW  - Diabetes Mellitus/ep [Epidemiology]
KW  - Female
KW  - Humans
KW  - Indians, North American
KW  - Linear Models
KW  - Male
KW  - Metabolic Syndrome X/ep [Epidemiology]
KW  - Middle Aged
KW  - Obesity/co [Complications]
KW  - Obesity/ep [Epidemiology]
KW  - Proportional Hazards Models
KW  - Prospective Studies
KW  - Respiratory Function Tests
KW  - Risk Factors
KW  - MedStar Health Research Institute
KW  - Journal Article
KW  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
N1  - Available online from MWHC library: 1995 - present, Available in print through MWHC library: 1999 - 2006
N2  - CONCLUSIONS: Reduced lung function is independently associated with MS and with DM, and impaired lung function presents before the development of MS or DM; these associations may result from the effects of obesity and inflammation; OBJECTIVE: The purposes of this study were to investigate whether reduced lung function is associated with metabolic syndrome (MS) and diabetes (DM) in American Indians (AIs) and to determine whether lower pulmonary function presents before the development of DM or MS; RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: The Strong Heart Study (SHS) is a multicenter, prospective study of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its risk factors among AI adults. The present analysis used lung function assessment by standard spirometry at the SHS second examination (1993-1995) in 2,396 adults free of overt lung disease or CVD, with or without DM or MS. Among MS-free/DM-free participants, the development of MS/DM at the SHS third examination (1996-1999) was investigated; RESULTS: Significantly lower pulmonary function was observed for AIs with MS or DM. Impaired pulmonary function was associated with MS and DM after adjustment for age, sex, abdominal obesity, current smoking status, physical activity index, hypertension, and SHS field center. Both forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) were negatively associated with insulin resistance or DM severity and with serum markers of inflammation (P < 0.05). FVC and FEV1-to-FVC ratio both predicted DM in unadjusted analyses but not when adjusted for covariates, including waist circumference. In the adjusted model, abdominal obesity predicted both MS and DM
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/dc11-0682
ER  -