The Role of Echocardiography in Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation. [Review] 

 -  2023 
<br/><br/> PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is increasingly used to temporarily support patients in severe circulatory and/or respiratory failure. Echocardiography is a core component of successful ECMO deployment. Herein, we review the role of echocardiography at different phases on extracorporeal support including candidate identification, cannulation, maintenance, complication vigilance, and decannulation.  RECENT FINDINGS: During cannulation, ultrasound is used to confirm intended vascular access and appropriate inflow cannula positioning. While on ECMO, echocardiographic evaluation of ventricular loading conditions and hemodynamics, cannula positioning, and surveillance for intracardiac or aortic thrombi is needed for complication mitigation. Echocardiography is crucial during all phases of ECMO use. Specific echocardiographic queries depend on the ECMO type, V-V, or V-A, and the specific cannula configuration strategy employed. Copyright © 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature. 
<br/><br/><br/>English 
<br/><br/><label>ISSN: </label>1523-3782 
<br/><br/><label>Standard No.: </label>10.1007/s11886-022-01827-w [doi] 10.1007/s11886-022-01827-w [pii] 
<br/><br/><label>Subjects--Topical Terms: </label><br/>*Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation<br/>*Respiratory Insufficiency<br/>Catheterization<br/>Echocardiography/ae [Adverse Effects]<br/>Humans<br/>Respiratory Insufficiency/dg [Diagnostic Imaging]<br/>Respiratory Insufficiency/et [Etiology]<br/>Respiratory Insufficiency/th [Therapy]<br/>Ultrasonography
<br/><br/><label>Subjects--Geographic Terms: </label><br/>MedStar Heart & Vascular Institute<br/>MedStar Washington Hospital Center
<br/><br/><label>Index Terms--Occupation: </label><br/>Emergency Medicine<br/>Surgery/Surgical Critical Care
<br/><br/><label>Index Terms--Function: </label><br/>Journal Article<br/>Review