TY  - BOOK
AU  - Asch, Federico M
AU  - Miyoshi, Tatsuya
TI  - Normal Values of Right Atrial Size and Function According to Age, Sex, and Ethnicity: Results of the World Alliance Societies of Echocardiography Study
SN  - 0894-7317
PY  - 2021///
KW  - *Echocardiography, Three-Dimensional
KW  - *Ethnic Groups
KW  - Adolescent
KW  - Adult
KW  - Aged
KW  - Atrial Function, Right
KW  - Cross-Sectional Studies
KW  - Echocardiography
KW  - Female
KW  - Heart Atria/dg [Diagnostic Imaging]
KW  - Humans
KW  - Male
KW  - Prospective Studies
KW  - Reference Values
KW  - Young Adult
KW  - MedStar Health Research Institute
KW  - MedStar Heart & Vascular Institute
KW  - Journal Article
N1  - Available online through MWHC library: 2007 - present
N2  - BACKGROUND: The World Alliance Societies of Echocardiography study is a multicenter, international, prospective, cross-sectional study whose aims were to evaluate healthy adult individuals to establish age- and sex-normative values of echocardiographic parameters and to determine whether differences exist among people from different countries and of different ethnicities. The present report focuses on two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) right atrial (RA) size and function; CONCLUSIONS: There is significant sex, age, and geographic variability in normal RA size and function parameters. Current guideline-recommended normal ranges for RA size and function parameters should be adjusted geographically on the basis of the results of this study. Copyright (c) 2020 American Society of Echocardiography. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved; METHODS: Transthoracic 2D and 3D echocardiographic images were obtained in 2,008 healthy adult individuals evenly distributed among subgroups according to sex (1,033 men, 975 women) and age 18 to 40 years (n = 854), 41 to 65 years (n = 653), and >65 years (n = 501). For ethnicity, 34.9% were white, 41.6% Asian, and 9.7% black. Images were analyzed in a core laboratory according to current American Society of Echocardiography/European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging guidelines. RA measurements included 2D dimensions, 2D and 3D RA volumes (RAVs) indexed to body surface area (BSA), emptying fraction (EmF), and global longitudinal strain, including total/reservoir, passive/conduit, and active/contractile phases. Differences among age and sex categories and among countries were also examined; RESULTS: RAVs were larger in men (even after BSA indexing), while 3D total EmF and global longitudinal strain magnitudes were higher in women. For both sexes, there were no significant age-related differences in 2D RAV measurements, but 3D RAV values differed minimally with age, remaining significant after BSA indexing. RA total EmF and reservoir strain and passive EmF and conduit strain magnitude were lower in older groups for both sexes. Interestingly, whereas RA active EmF increased with age, contractile strain magnitude decreased. Considerable geographic variations were identified: Asians of both sexes had significantly lower BSA than non-Asians, and their 2D and 3D end-systolic RAVs were significantly smaller even after BSA indexing. Of note, 2D end-systolic RAVs in this group were considerably lower than normal values provided in the current guidelines
UR  - https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.echo.2020.11.004
ER  -