000			04601nam a22004937a 4500
008			240807s20242024 xxu||||| |||| 00| 0 eng d
022			_a2415-1289
024			_aPMC11074486 [pmc]
024			_atgh-09-23-44 [pii]
040			_aOvid MEDLINE(R)
099			_a38716211
245			_aViral esophagitis in non-human immunodeficiency virus patients: a case-control study.
251			_aTranslational Gastroenterology & Hepatology. 9:19, 2024.
252			_aTransl. gastroenterol. hepatol.. 9:19, 2024.
253			_aTranslational gastroenterology and hepatology
260			_c2024
260			_fFY2024
260			_p2024
265			_sepublish
265			_tPubMed-not-MEDLINE
266			_d2024-08-07
266			_z2024/05/08 03:46
520			_aBackground: Esophagitis, inflammation of the esophagus, can result from various causes, including reflux, infections, food allergies, medications, and trauma. Infectious esophagitis is the third most common cause after gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and eosinophilic esophagitis worldwide. The primary causes of infectious esophagitis are candida esophagitis and viral esophagitis (VE) caused by herpes simplex virus (HSV) or cytomegalovirus (CMV). VE is typically associated with immunosuppression, with risk factors such as malignancy, chemotherapy, organ transplant, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Infectious esophagitis is prevalent in about one-third of untreated acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients, but recent reports indicate an increase in VE cases among immunocompetent individuals. This study aims to explore risk factors and patient demographics in non-HIV individuals.
520			_aConclusions: The study's findings contribute to a better understanding of the clinical characteristics and risk factors associated with VE in non-HIV patients. The identification of immunosuppression and specific risk factors can aid in early detection, appropriate management, and targeted interventions for VE. Further research is warranted to explore the rising incidence of VE in immunocompetent individuals and to optimize preventive strategies and treatment approaches for this condition. Copyright 2024 Translational Gastroenterology and Hepatology. All rights reserved.
520			_aMethods: A case-control study that included patients 18 years and older diagnosed with HSV or CMV esophagitis who were identified through histopathologic examination or immunohistochemical staining. Cases were obtained by searching pathology reports between 2009-2022 from five MedStar Health Hospitals in the District of Columbia and Maryland. Controls were selected based on International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes for esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) with negative VE results within the same period. Patient demographics, comorbidities, laboratory parameters, endoscopic findings, and potential risk factors were collected through chart review.
520			_aResults: Out of 40,224 cases between 2009-2022, 50 cases of VE were identified, with 30 cases attributed to HSV, 19 cases to CMV, and one case of HSV/CMV coinfection. Hematemesis was the predominant symptom in patients with HSV (33%), while dysphagia was more prevalent in CMV patients (42%). The most common finding during EGD was ulceration in HSV patients (67%) and esophagitis in CMV patients (37%). Patients with VE had a higher likelihood of a history of immunosuppressive therapy, organ transplant, active malignancy, and systemic steroid use. However, a significant portion (34%) had no identifiable risk factors.
546			_aEnglish
650			_zAutomated
651			_aMedStar Washington Hospital Center
656			_aGastroenterology Fellowship
656			_aInternal Medicine Residency
656			_aMedStar Georgetown University Hospital/MedStar Washington Hospital Center
656			_aPathology Residency
657			_aJournal Article
700			_aAl-Dwairy, Ahmad _bMWHC _cInternal Medicine Residency _dMBBS
700			_aAzar, Loai _bMWHC _cInternal Medicine Residency _dMD
700			_aBakain, Tarek _bMWHC _cInternal Medicine Residency _dMBBS
700			_aNithagon, Pichayut _bMGUH _cPathology Residency _dMD
700			_aWoo, Stephanie _bMGUH _cGastroenterology Fellowship _dMD
790			_aAl-Dwairy A, Azar L, Bakain T, Ahmad A, Woo S, Nithagon P, Chalhoub W
856			_uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.21037/tgh-23-44 _zhttps://dx.doi.org/10.21037/tgh-23-44
858			_yAl-Dwairy, Ahmad _uhttps://orcid.org/0009-0004-3185-5826 _zhttps://orcid.org/0009-0004-3185-5826
942			_cART _dArticle
999			_c14512 _d14512