Exploring residual risk for diabetes and microvascular disease in the Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes Study (DPPOS).
Exploring residual risk for diabetes and microvascular disease in the Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes Study (DPPOS).
- 2017
Available online from MWHC library: 2001 - present, Available in print through MWHC library: 1999 - 2006
AIM: Approximately half of the participants in the Diabetes Prevention Outcomes Study (DPPOS) had diabetes after 15 years of follow-up, whereas nearly all the others remained with pre-diabetes. We examined whether formerly unexplored factors in the DPPOS coexisted with known risk factors that posed additional risk for, or protection from, diabetes as well as microvascular disease. CONCLUSIONS: Several formerly unexplored factors in the DPPOS predicted additional risk for diabetes and/or microvascular disease - particularly hypertension and the use of anti-hypertensive medications - helping to explain some of the residual disease risk in participants of the DPPOS. (Clinical Trial Registry Nos: DPP NCT00004992 and DPPOS NCT00038727) This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. METHODS: Cox proportional hazard models were used to examine predictors of diabetes. Sequential modelling procedures considered known and formerly unexplored factors. We also constructed models to determine whether the same unexplored factors that associated with progression to diabetes also predicted the prevalence of microvascular disease. Hazard ratios (HR) are per standard deviation change in the variable. RESULTS: In models adjusted for demographics and known diabetes risk factors, two formerly unknown factors were associated with risk for both diabetes and microvascular disease: number of medications taken (HR = 1.07, 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) 1.03 to 1.12 for diabetes; odds ratio (OR) = 1.10, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.16 for microvascular disease) and variability in HbA1c (HR = 1.02, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.03 for diabetes; OR = 1.06, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.09 for microvascular disease per sd). Total comorbidities increased risk for diabetes (HR = 1.10, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.16), whereas higher systolic (OR = 1.22, 95% CI 1.13 to 1.31) and diastolic (OR = 1.14, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.22) blood pressure, as well as the use of anti-hypertensives (OR = 1.41, 95% CI 1.23 to 1.62), increased risk of microvascular disease.
English
0742-3071
*Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/co [Complications]
*Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/pc [Prevention & Control]
*Diabetic Angiopathies/pc [Prevention & Control]
*Obesity/th [Therapy]
*Overweight/th [Therapy]
*Prediabetic State/th [Therapy]
*Weight Reduction Programs
Adult
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/ep [Epidemiology]
Diabetic Angiopathies/ep [Epidemiology]
Diet, Reducing
Exercise Therapy
Female
Follow-Up Studies
Humans
Male
Metformin/tu [Therapeutic Use]
Middle Aged
Obesity/co [Complications]
Obesity/ep [Epidemiology]
Overweight/co [Complications]
Overweight/ep [Epidemiology]
Prediabetic State/co [Complications]
Prediabetic State/ep [Epidemiology]
Prediabetic State/pa [Pathology]
Prevalence
Risk Factors
Risk Reduction Behavior
Treatment Outcome
Weight Reduction Programs/mt [Methods]
MedStar Health Research Institute
Journal Article
Available online from MWHC library: 2001 - present, Available in print through MWHC library: 1999 - 2006
AIM: Approximately half of the participants in the Diabetes Prevention Outcomes Study (DPPOS) had diabetes after 15 years of follow-up, whereas nearly all the others remained with pre-diabetes. We examined whether formerly unexplored factors in the DPPOS coexisted with known risk factors that posed additional risk for, or protection from, diabetes as well as microvascular disease. CONCLUSIONS: Several formerly unexplored factors in the DPPOS predicted additional risk for diabetes and/or microvascular disease - particularly hypertension and the use of anti-hypertensive medications - helping to explain some of the residual disease risk in participants of the DPPOS. (Clinical Trial Registry Nos: DPP NCT00004992 and DPPOS NCT00038727) This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. METHODS: Cox proportional hazard models were used to examine predictors of diabetes. Sequential modelling procedures considered known and formerly unexplored factors. We also constructed models to determine whether the same unexplored factors that associated with progression to diabetes also predicted the prevalence of microvascular disease. Hazard ratios (HR) are per standard deviation change in the variable. RESULTS: In models adjusted for demographics and known diabetes risk factors, two formerly unknown factors were associated with risk for both diabetes and microvascular disease: number of medications taken (HR = 1.07, 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) 1.03 to 1.12 for diabetes; odds ratio (OR) = 1.10, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.16 for microvascular disease) and variability in HbA1c (HR = 1.02, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.03 for diabetes; OR = 1.06, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.09 for microvascular disease per sd). Total comorbidities increased risk for diabetes (HR = 1.10, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.16), whereas higher systolic (OR = 1.22, 95% CI 1.13 to 1.31) and diastolic (OR = 1.14, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.22) blood pressure, as well as the use of anti-hypertensives (OR = 1.41, 95% CI 1.23 to 1.62), increased risk of microvascular disease.
English
0742-3071
*Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/co [Complications]
*Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/pc [Prevention & Control]
*Diabetic Angiopathies/pc [Prevention & Control]
*Obesity/th [Therapy]
*Overweight/th [Therapy]
*Prediabetic State/th [Therapy]
*Weight Reduction Programs
Adult
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/ep [Epidemiology]
Diabetic Angiopathies/ep [Epidemiology]
Diet, Reducing
Exercise Therapy
Female
Follow-Up Studies
Humans
Male
Metformin/tu [Therapeutic Use]
Middle Aged
Obesity/co [Complications]
Obesity/ep [Epidemiology]
Overweight/co [Complications]
Overweight/ep [Epidemiology]
Prediabetic State/co [Complications]
Prediabetic State/ep [Epidemiology]
Prediabetic State/pa [Pathology]
Prevalence
Risk Factors
Risk Reduction Behavior
Treatment Outcome
Weight Reduction Programs/mt [Methods]
MedStar Health Research Institute
Journal Article