Healthcare Antibiotic Resistance Prevalence - DC (HARP-DC): A Regional Prevalence Assessment of Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) in Healthcare Facilities in Washington, District of Columbia.
Healthcare Antibiotic Resistance Prevalence - DC (HARP-DC): A Regional Prevalence Assessment of Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) in Healthcare Facilities in Washington, District of Columbia.
- 2017
Available online from MWHC library: 1999 - present, Available in print through MWHC library: 1999 - 2006
OBJECTIVE Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) are a significant clinical and public health concern. Understanding the distribution of CRE colonization and developing a coordinated approach are key components of control efforts. The prevalence of CRE in the District of Columbia is unknown. We sought to determine the CRE colonization prevalence within healthcare facilities (HCFs) in the District of Columbia using a collaborative, regional approach. DESIGN Point-prevalence study. SETTING This study included 16 HCFs in the District of Columbia: all 8 acute-care hospitals (ACHs), 5 of 19 skilled nursing facilities, 2 (both) long-term acute-care facilities, and 1 (the sole) inpatient rehabilitation facility. PATIENTS Inpatients on all units excluding psychiatry and obstetrics-gynecology. METHODS CRE identification was performed on perianal swab samples using real-time polymerase chain reaction, culture, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST). Prevalence was calculated by facility and unit type as the number of patients with a positive result divided by the total number tested. Prevalence ratios were compared using the Poisson distribution. RESULTS Of 1,022 completed tests, 53 samples tested positive for CRE, yielding a prevalence of 5.2% (95% CI, 3.9%-6.8%). Of 726 tests from ACHs, 36 (5.0%; 95% CI, 3.5%-6.9%) were positive. Of 244 tests from long-term-care facilities, 17 (7.0%; 95% CI, 4.1%-11.2%) were positive. The relative prevalence ratios by facility type were 0.9 (95% CI, 0.5-1.5) and 1.5 (95% CI, 0.9-2.6), respectively. No CRE were identified from the inpatient rehabilitation facility. CONCLUSION A baseline CRE prevalence was established, revealing endemicity across healthcare settings in the District of Columbia. Our study establishes a framework for interfacility collaboration to reduce CRE transmission and infection. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2017;1-9.
English
0899-823X
*beta-Lactam Resistance
*Carbapenems/tu [Therapeutic Use]
*Cross Infection/ep [Epidemiology]
*Enterobacteriaceae Infections/ep [Epidemiology]
*Enterobacteriaceae/de [Drug Effects]
Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Cross Infection/dt [Drug Therapy]
District of Columbia/ep [Epidemiology]
Enterobacteriaceae Infections/dt [Drug Therapy]
Female
Hospitals/sn [Statistics & Numerical Data]
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Nursing Homes/sn [Statistics & Numerical Data]
Prevalence
Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
Skilled Nursing Facilities/sn [Statistics & Numerical Data]
Young Adult
MedStar National Rehabilitation Network
MedStar Washington Hospital Center
Medicine/Infectious Diseases
Journal Article
Available online from MWHC library: 1999 - present, Available in print through MWHC library: 1999 - 2006
OBJECTIVE Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) are a significant clinical and public health concern. Understanding the distribution of CRE colonization and developing a coordinated approach are key components of control efforts. The prevalence of CRE in the District of Columbia is unknown. We sought to determine the CRE colonization prevalence within healthcare facilities (HCFs) in the District of Columbia using a collaborative, regional approach. DESIGN Point-prevalence study. SETTING This study included 16 HCFs in the District of Columbia: all 8 acute-care hospitals (ACHs), 5 of 19 skilled nursing facilities, 2 (both) long-term acute-care facilities, and 1 (the sole) inpatient rehabilitation facility. PATIENTS Inpatients on all units excluding psychiatry and obstetrics-gynecology. METHODS CRE identification was performed on perianal swab samples using real-time polymerase chain reaction, culture, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST). Prevalence was calculated by facility and unit type as the number of patients with a positive result divided by the total number tested. Prevalence ratios were compared using the Poisson distribution. RESULTS Of 1,022 completed tests, 53 samples tested positive for CRE, yielding a prevalence of 5.2% (95% CI, 3.9%-6.8%). Of 726 tests from ACHs, 36 (5.0%; 95% CI, 3.5%-6.9%) were positive. Of 244 tests from long-term-care facilities, 17 (7.0%; 95% CI, 4.1%-11.2%) were positive. The relative prevalence ratios by facility type were 0.9 (95% CI, 0.5-1.5) and 1.5 (95% CI, 0.9-2.6), respectively. No CRE were identified from the inpatient rehabilitation facility. CONCLUSION A baseline CRE prevalence was established, revealing endemicity across healthcare settings in the District of Columbia. Our study establishes a framework for interfacility collaboration to reduce CRE transmission and infection. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2017;1-9.
English
0899-823X
*beta-Lactam Resistance
*Carbapenems/tu [Therapeutic Use]
*Cross Infection/ep [Epidemiology]
*Enterobacteriaceae Infections/ep [Epidemiology]
*Enterobacteriaceae/de [Drug Effects]
Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Cross Infection/dt [Drug Therapy]
District of Columbia/ep [Epidemiology]
Enterobacteriaceae Infections/dt [Drug Therapy]
Female
Hospitals/sn [Statistics & Numerical Data]
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Nursing Homes/sn [Statistics & Numerical Data]
Prevalence
Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
Skilled Nursing Facilities/sn [Statistics & Numerical Data]
Young Adult
MedStar National Rehabilitation Network
MedStar Washington Hospital Center
Medicine/Infectious Diseases
Journal Article