Plasma biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias in American Indians: The Strong Heart Study.

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Citation: Alzheimer's & Dementia. 20(3):2072-2079, 2024 Mar.PMID: 38215191Institution: MedStar Health Research InstituteForm of publication: Journal ArticleMedline article type(s): Journal ArticleSubject headings: *Alzheimer Disease | *American Indian or Alaska Native | Aged | Alzheimer Disease/di [Diagnosis] | Amyloid beta-Peptides | Biomarkers/bl [Blood] | Cognition | Humans | tau Proteins | Year: 2024ISSN:
  • 1552-5260
Name of journal: Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's AssociationAbstract: DISCUSSION: In American Indian individuals, pTau181 and Abeta values suggested more common pathology than in majority populations. Abeta was less informative than in other populations; however, all four markers were needed for a best-performing dementia diagnostic model. These data validate utility of AD plasma markers, while suggesting population-specific diagnostic characteristics. Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Alzheimer's & Dementia published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Alzheimer's Association.INTRODUCTION: Identification of Alzheimer's disease (AD) needs inexpensive, noninvasive biomarkers, with validation in all populations.METHODS: We collected plasma markers in older American Indian individuals: phosphorylated-tau181 (pTau181); amyloid-beta (Abeta) 40,42; glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP); and neurofilament light chain (NfL). Plasma markers were analyzed for discriminant properties with cognitive status and etiology using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis.RESULTS: PTau181, GFAP, NfL plasma values were significantly associated with cognition, but Abeta were not. Discriminant performance was moderate for individual markers, with pTau181, GFAP, NfL performing best, but an empirically selected panel of markers (age, sex, education, pTau181, GFAP, NfL, Abeta4240 ratio) had excellent discriminant performance (AUC > 0.8).All authors: Suchy-Dicey AM, Longstreth WT Jr, Rhoads K, Umans J, Buchwald D, Grabowski T, Blennow K, Reiman E, Zetterberg HFiscal year: FY2024Digital Object Identifier: Date added to catalog: 2024-04-24
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Journal Article MedStar Authors Catalog Article 38215191 Available 38215191

DISCUSSION: In American Indian individuals, pTau181 and Abeta values suggested more common pathology than in majority populations. Abeta was less informative than in other populations; however, all four markers were needed for a best-performing dementia diagnostic model. These data validate utility of AD plasma markers, while suggesting population-specific diagnostic characteristics. Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Alzheimer's & Dementia published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Alzheimer's Association.

INTRODUCTION: Identification of Alzheimer's disease (AD) needs inexpensive, noninvasive biomarkers, with validation in all populations.

METHODS: We collected plasma markers in older American Indian individuals: phosphorylated-tau181 (pTau181); amyloid-beta (Abeta) 40,42; glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP); and neurofilament light chain (NfL). Plasma markers were analyzed for discriminant properties with cognitive status and etiology using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis.

RESULTS: PTau181, GFAP, NfL plasma values were significantly associated with cognition, but Abeta were not. Discriminant performance was moderate for individual markers, with pTau181, GFAP, NfL performing best, but an empirically selected panel of markers (age, sex, education, pTau181, GFAP, NfL, Abeta4240 ratio) had excellent discriminant performance (AUC > 0.8).

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