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Coronary microvascular dysfunction and cancer therapy-related cardiovascular toxicity.

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Publication details: 2024; ; ISSN:

1878-0938

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Online resources:

https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carrev.2024.05.001

Summary: BACKGROUND: Coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) has been implicated as a potential mechanism in the pathophysiology of different clinical presentations, including ischemia and no obstructive coronary artery disease (INOCA), myocardial infarction and nonobstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA), stress cardiomyopathy, heart failure, and myocarditis. There are limited data about the role of CMD in cancer therapy-related cardiovascular toxicities.Summary: CASE PRESENTATIONS: Four women with a diagnosis of active cancer receiving treatment who developed subsequent MINOCA or INOCA presented for cardiac catheterization. Upon coronary angiography showing no obstructive coronary arteries, coronary function testing was performed to evaluate for CMD.Summary: CONCLUSIONS: CMD may play a role in cardiovascular toxicities. Further coronary physiology studies are needed to understand the mechanisms of cancer therapy-related cardiovascular toxicity and CMD, as well as optimal preventive and treatment options. Copyright Â© 2024. Published by Elsevier Inc.Summary: METHODS: Coronary physiology was assessed measuring non-hyperemic (resting full-cycle ratio [RFR]) and hyperemic (fractional flow reserve [FFR]) indices using a physiologic pressure wire. The wire also measured coronary flow reserve (CFR), index of microcirculatory resistance (IMR), and RFR using thermodilution technology. CMD was confirmed if the CFR was <2.5 and the IMR was >25.Summary: RESULTS: Among 4 patients with diagnosis of active cancer presenting with chest pain, there was no evidence of obstructive coronary artery disease, leading to separate diagnoses of INOCA, MINOCA, stress cardiomyopathy, and myocarditis. We found CMD in 2 patients (1 with INOCA and 1 with immune checkpoint inhibitor-related myocarditis).

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Item type	Current library	Collection	Call number	Status	Date due	Barcode
Journal Article	MedStar Authors Catalog	Article		Available		38789343

Available in print through MWHC library: 2002 - present

BACKGROUND: Coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) has been implicated as a potential mechanism in the pathophysiology of different clinical presentations, including ischemia and no obstructive coronary artery disease (INOCA), myocardial infarction and nonobstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA), stress cardiomyopathy, heart failure, and myocarditis. There are limited data about the role of CMD in cancer therapy-related cardiovascular toxicities.

CASE PRESENTATIONS: Four women with a diagnosis of active cancer receiving treatment who developed subsequent MINOCA or INOCA presented for cardiac catheterization. Upon coronary angiography showing no obstructive coronary arteries, coronary function testing was performed to evaluate for CMD.

CONCLUSIONS: CMD may play a role in cardiovascular toxicities. Further coronary physiology studies are needed to understand the mechanisms of cancer therapy-related cardiovascular toxicity and CMD, as well as optimal preventive and treatment options. Copyright Â© 2024. Published by Elsevier Inc.

METHODS: Coronary physiology was assessed measuring non-hyperemic (resting full-cycle ratio [RFR]) and hyperemic (fractional flow reserve [FFR]) indices using a physiologic pressure wire. The wire also measured coronary flow reserve (CFR), index of microcirculatory resistance (IMR), and RFR using thermodilution technology. CMD was confirmed if the CFR was <2.5 and the IMR was >25.

RESULTS: Among 4 patients with diagnosis of active cancer presenting with chest pain, there was no evidence of obstructive coronary artery disease, leading to separate diagnoses of INOCA, MINOCA, stress cardiomyopathy, and myocarditis. We found CMD in 2 patients (1 with INOCA and 1 with immune checkpoint inhibitor-related myocarditis).

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