Precision Inhibitory Stimulation of Individual-Specific Cortical Hubs Disrupts Information Processing in Humans.

MedStar author(s):
Citation: Cerebral Cortex. 29(9):3912-3921, 2019 08 14.PMID: 30364937Institution: MedStar National Rehabilitation NetworkForm of publication: Journal ArticleMedline article type(s): Journal ArticleSubject headings: *Cerebral Cortex/ah [Anatomy & Histology] | *Cerebral Cortex/ph [Physiology] | *Memory, Short-Term/ph [Physiology] | *Neural Inhibition/ph [Physiology] | *Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation | Adult | Double-Blind Method | Female | Humans | Male | Neural Pathways/ah [Anatomy & Histology] | Neural Pathways/ph [Physiology] | Prospective Studies | Reproducibility of Results | Young AdultYear: 2019ISSN:
  • 1047-3211
Name of journal: Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)Abstract: Noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) is a promising treatment for psychiatric and neurologic conditions, but outcomes are variable across treated individuals. In principle, precise targeting of individual-specific features of functional brain networks could improve the efficacy of NIBS interventions. Network theory predicts that the role of a node in a network can be inferred from its connections; as such, we hypothesized that targeting individual-specific "hub" brain areas with NIBS should impact cognition more than nonhub brain areas. Here, we first demonstrate that the spatial positioning of hubs is variable across individuals but reproducible within individuals upon repeated imaging. We then tested our hypothesis in healthy individuals using a prospective, within-subject, double-blind design. Inhibition of a hub with continuous theta burst stimulation disrupted information processing during working-memory more than inhibition of a nonhub area, despite targets being separated by only a few centimeters on the right middle frontal gyrus of each subject. Based upon these findings, we conclude that individual-specific brain network features are functionally relevant and could leveraged as stimulation sites in future NIBS interventions.All authors: Breeden AL, Cherry JBC, Gordon EM, Lynch CJ, Turkeltaub PE, Vaidya CJOriginally published: Cerebral Cortex. 2018 Oct 25Fiscal year: FY2019Digital Object Identifier: Date added to catalog: 2018-11-09
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Journal Article MedStar Authors Catalog Article 30364937 Available 30364937

Noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) is a promising treatment for psychiatric and neurologic conditions, but outcomes are variable across treated individuals. In principle, precise targeting of individual-specific features of functional brain networks could improve the efficacy of NIBS interventions. Network theory predicts that the role of a node in a network can be inferred from its connections; as such, we hypothesized that targeting individual-specific "hub" brain areas with NIBS should impact cognition more than nonhub brain areas. Here, we first demonstrate that the spatial positioning of hubs is variable across individuals but reproducible within individuals upon repeated imaging. We then tested our hypothesis in healthy individuals using a prospective, within-subject, double-blind design. Inhibition of a hub with continuous theta burst stimulation disrupted information processing during working-memory more than inhibition of a nonhub area, despite targets being separated by only a few centimeters on the right middle frontal gyrus of each subject. Based upon these findings, we conclude that individual-specific brain network features are functionally relevant and could leveraged as stimulation sites in future NIBS interventions.

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